Sanchez-Hidalgo M, Lee M, de la Lastra CA, Guerrero JM, Packham G
10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00042-4 Cell 38 ElenaV
Improved Immune Function - Athletes with higher glutathione levels may experience fewer training interruptions due to illness, as GSH supports natural killer cell activity and proper immune response
114 Similar effects are observed in liver cancer, 115 pheochromocytoma 116 and NSCLC, 111 and NNT is likely to be activated by NADPH consumption, such as in IDH-mutant cells
This may limit the generalizability of certain research conclusions and highlights the need for caution in addressing species-specific effects on carnitine transport in cross-species studies
Recovery and muscle damage after exercise Some meta-analyses suggest that supplementation with L-carnitine could moderately reduce delayed onset muscle soreness and certain markers of damage (e.g., creatine kinase) in untrained people or those undertaking strength training, especially in short windows after exercise