Effects of GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists include: Stimulating insulin secretion in response to food (glucose-dependent) Reducing inappropriate glucagon release, lowering hepatic glucose output (GLP-1 enhances the sensitivity of alpha cells to glucose , resulting in more glucose-appropriate glucagon secretion) When blood glucose is high, insulin secretion is stimulated and glucagon secretion is inhibited
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Abbreviations BAT: Brown adipose tissue CEX: C-terminal extension CNS: Central nervous system DIO: Diet-induced obese DPP-IV: Dipeptidylpeptidase-IV EMA: European Medicines Agency FDA: Food and Drug Administration GcgR: Glucagon receptor GIP: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide GIPR: GIP receptor GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1R: GLP-1 receptor OXM: Oxyntomodulin PEG: Polyethylene glycol STZ: Streptozotocin T 3 : Thyroid hormone References Obesity and overweight fact sheet