To absorb vitamin B12 effectively, your body requires an intact stomach and gut, a well-functioning pancreas, and sufficiently high levels of intrinsic factor, a protein that binds to vitamin B12 in the stomach (1)
PMID: 29998800 Malinda KM, et al
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With injections, we optimize the dose to your needs, and because injections bypass your digestive system, you dont have to worry about how much is being absorbed
JAMA , 303 (16), 1603
& Bale, T